Risk Factors

Photo by: Lance Cpl. Ryan L. Tomlinson

The first step in preventing suicide is to identify and understand the risk factors. A risk factor is anything that increases the likelihood that persons will harm themselves. However, risk factors are not necessarily causes.

Situations

Family history of suicide or violence.
Sexual or physical abuse.
Death of a close friend or family member.
Divorce or separation, ending a relationship.
Work related problems.
Physical illness/ serious medical problem.
Current or pending disciplinary or legal action.
Financial problems.
Transitions (retirement, PCS, discharge, etc.).
Severe, prolonged, or perceived unmanageable stress.
History of alcohol and substance abuse.
History of previous suicide attempts.
Alcohol or drug dependency.
Setbacks (academic, career, or personal).
Isolation, a feeling of being cut off from other people.
Unwillingness to seek help because of the stigma attached to mental health and substance abuse disorders or suicidal thoughts.
Easy access to lethal methods.

Behaviors

Previous suicidal behavior.
Extremes of behavior.
Changes in behavior.
Impulsive or aggressive tendencies.

Physical Changes

Disturbed sleep patterns- sleeping too much or too little.
Lack of energy.
Sudden change in appearance.
Lack of interest in appearance.

Thoughts and Emotions

Deep sadness or guilt
Anxiety and stress
Loss of self worth
Feelings of hopelessness
A sense of powerlessness, helplessness, or hopelessness.